The question is asking to match the processes of chemical weathering of rock (List I) with their descriptions (List II) and choose the correct matching option.

Let`s analyze each option:

Option 1: A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

According to this option, carbonation (A) is the decomposition of materials containing lime, potassium, etc., hydration (B) is the cause of additional stress in the rock, hydrolysis (C) is the decomposition of fieldspars present in many igneous rocks, and oxidation (D) is the rusting of minerals in rocks.

Option 2: A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

According to this option, carbonation (A) is the rusting of minerals in rocks, hydration (B) is the decomposition of fieldspars present in many igneous rocks, hydrolysis (C) is the decomposition of materials containing lime, potassium, etc., and oxidation (D) is the cause of additional stress in the rock.

Option 3: A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

According to this option, carbonation (A) is the decomposition of materials containing lime