Mughal painting reached its zenith under Option 3: Jahangir.

During the Mughal Empire in India, which spanned from the early 16th century to the mid-19th century, Mughal painting experienced significant development and reached its highest point under the reign of Emperor Jahangir. Jahangir ruled from 1605 to 1627 and was known for his patronage of the arts, including painting.

Jahangir was a great connoisseur of art and had a deep appreciation for aesthetics. He actively encouraged and supported artists, leading to a flourishing of artistic endeavors during his reign. His court attracted renowned artists and painters from various parts of the Mughal Empire and beyond, resulting in a diverse range of artistic influences and styles.

Under Jahangir`s patronage, Mughal painting evolved and matured, reflecting a distinct blend of Indian, Persian, and European artistic traditions. The artists of this period developed a refined technique and an attention to detail that set Mughal painting apart. They excelled in portraying subjects such as portraits, court scenes, hunting scenes, religious themes, and natural landscapes.

One of the most famous artists of Jahangir`s court was Ustad Mansur, known for his exceptional skill in depicting flora and fauna. Mansur`s paintings of birds, animals, and flowers were highly prized by Jahangir and are considered some of the finest examples of Mughal naturalistic art.

Jahangir himself was an accomplished artist and had a significant influence on the development of Mughal painting. He was known to personally participate in the creation of artworks and had a discerning eye for aesthetics. He encouraged experimentation and innovation, allowing artists to explore new techniques and styles.

The Mughal painting style under Jahangir`s reign featured rich colors, intricate details, and a harmonious composition. The use of gold and precious pigments added a luxurious touch to the artworks. Jahangir`s love for nature was also reflected in many paintings, which often depicted flowers, gardens, and animals in a realistic and vibrant manner.

Overall, Jahangir`s patronage and his personal involvement in the artistic process played a crucial role in elevating Mughal painting to its zenith. Under his rule, Mughal painting reached new heights of creativity, technical skill, and aesthetic refinement, leaving a lasting impact on the art world of the Mughal Empire and beyond.