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Option 1: This statement is incorrect. In the proportional representation system through single transferable vote, the number of votes an elected MP or MLA has may vary.
Option 2: This statement is incorrect. In the proportional representation system through single transferable vote, the number of votes is not determined by the state but by the individual MP or MLA.
Option 3: This statement is incorrect. In the proportional representation system through single transferable vote, MPs and MLAs do not have just one vote each.
Option 4: This statement is correct. The President of India is elected by a proportional representation system through single transferable vote, which means that MPs and MLAs of different states have different numbers of votes. The number of votes is determined based on the population of the state represented by the MP or MLA. Larger states have more votes compared to smaller states. This ensures that the election process is proportional and reflects the population distribution across states.
In conclusion, option 4 is the correct answer as it accurately describes the electoral process for the President of India.