With reference to the work of human kidney, consider the following statements: 1. After the waste is removed in the kidney, the cleaner blood is sent back through renal artery. 2. From Bowman’s capsule, the filtered liquid passes through tiny tubes where much of the glucose is reabsorbed and sent back to the blood in the renal vein. Which of these statements is/the correct?

Statement 1 is incorrect: blood enters the kidney via the renal artery and, after filtration and exchange in the nephron’s capillary networks, the purified blood returns to the systemic circulation through the renal vein, not the renal artery [2]. Statement 2 is correct: the filtrate collected in Bowman’s capsule flows into the renal tubule (beginning with the proximal convoluted tubule), where useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, salts and a large amount of water are selectively reabsorbed into the surrounding peritubular capillaries and thereby returned to the blood [3]. Hence only statement 2 is true.

Sources

1. [2] https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zgqcmsg/revision/6
2. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Life Processes > 5.5.1 Excretion in Human Beings > p. 97
3. [3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554474/