Question map
The Rigvedic God Varuna was
Explanation
In the Rigvedic tradition, Varuna is primarily revered as the guardian of the cosmic and moral order, known as Rta [1]. While he is also associated with the waters and the ocean, his most significant theological role is the upholder of natural law and truth [1]. Rta represents the inherent principles governing the universe, including the cycles of the sun, moon, and seasons, as well as the ethical conduct of humans. Varuna is described as an omniscient deity who oversees human actions and punishes those who stray from righteousness using his symbolic noose. Unlike Indra, who is characterized as the 'destroyer of foes' (Purandara), Varuna's majesty lies in his sovereignty over the cosmic system and his role as a judgmental god who maintains universal harmony [1].
Sources
- [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 2: Early India: The Chalcolithic, Megalithic, Iron Age and Vedic Cultures > Vedic Religion and Rituals > p. 26