‘Sahel’ region of Sahara desert is asso¬ciated with

The 'Sahel' is a semi-arid transition zone in Africa that serves as the southern moving edge or fringe of the Sahara Desert [3]. Etymologically, the word 'Sahel' is derived from the Arabic word for 'coast' or 'shore,' metaphorically describing the region as the shoreline where the vast 'sea' of the Sahara's sands meets the more humid savanna lands to the south. Geographically, it extends across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, separating the hyper-arid desert from the wetter tropical regions [3]. This belt is characterized by grasslands and thorny shrubs and is highly susceptible to desertification and severe droughts, which have historically led to significant environmental and humanitarian crises [1]. While the Sahara's northern fringe borders the Mediterranean, the Sahel specifically refers to the southern boundary zone [2].

Sources

1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 6: Environmental Degradation and Management > dESErtIfIcatIon or dESErtISatIon. > p. 17
2. [3] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12494898/
3. [2] http://international-review.icrc.org/articles/sahel