Question map
Statement I: Coalition in India is always a post-pol] phenomenon. Statement II : The United Progressive Alliance was formed after the Lok Sabha Election of 2004.
Explanation
Statement I is false because coalitions in India are not exclusively post-poll phenomena; they can be both pre-poll and post-poll arrangements [t5][t6]. Historically, pre-poll coalitions like the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) were formed in 1998 and 1999 before elections took place [t1][t4]. Statement II is true as the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) was indeed a post-poll arrangement formed after the 2004 Lok Sabha elections [t1]. While the Congress party had entered into some pre-poll alliances at the state level, the national-level UPA coalition was cobbled together after the results were declared to form a government led by Manmohan Singh [c2][t1][t7]. Therefore, while Statement II correctly identifies the UPA's post-poll origin in 2004, Statement I's claim of 'always' being post-poll is factually incorrect given the prevalence of pre-poll alliances in Indian political history [t1][t6].
Sources
- [1] https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2024/09/india-election-bjp-party-politics?lang=en
- [2] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: Recent Developments in Indian Politics > Lok Sabha Elections (2004-2019) > p. 151