Q115 (CAPF/2015) Geography › World Physical Geography › Seismology and volcanism Answer Verified

Statement I : The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 occurred along a subduction zone along west coast of Sumatra Statement I : Along the Sumatra coast the Indo-Australian Plate converges below the Eurasian Plate

Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of Statement I

Statement I is true but Statement II is false

Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Result

Your answer: — · Correct: A

Explanation

Statement I is true as the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami was caused by a megathrust earthquake (magnitude 9.0-9.3) with its epicenter near the western boundary of Sumatra [3]. This event occurred along the Sunda Trench, a major subduction zone [1]. Statement II is also true and provides the correct explanation: the earthquake was triggered by the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate (specifically the Burma and Sunda microplates) [1]. This convergence causes the denser oceanic plate to plunge beneath the less dense plate, leading to stress accumulation [2]. The abrupt release of this stress during the 2004 event caused a vertical displacement of the seabed, which pushed the water column upward and generated the devastating tsunami waves [2].

Sources

[2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 15: Tsunami > Disturbance > p. 191
[3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 15: Tsunami > 15.3. 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami > p. 193
[1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Formation of The Indonesian Archipelago > p. 112

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Statement I : The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 occurred along a subduction zone along west coast of Sumatra Statement I : Along the Sumatra coast the Indo-Australian Plate converges below the Eurasian Plate

Explanation

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

Statement I : A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water of an Ocean. Statement I : A tsunami can be generated when thrust faults associated with convergent or destructive plate boundaries move abruptly.

Statement I : Tsunami is small in open ocean yet may be over 30 m high when it reaches a coastline. Statement II : Tsunamis have long wavelength and they travel across the open ocean at high speed. As they approach shore, the wavelength decreases and the wave height increases.