Statement I : Lomash Rishi and Sudama caves in the Barabar Hills, modelled on wooden architectural prototypes, arc examples of the earliest cave architecture in India, Statement II : Barabar Hills caves were dedicated by Chandragupta Maurya to Ajivika monks.

Statement I is true as the Lomash Rishi and Sudama caves in the Barabar Hills are the earliest known examples of rock-cut architecture in India, dating to the 3rd century BCE. These caves feature a hut-style facade and decorative arches that were clearly modeled on wooden and vegetable material prototypes of the era. Statement II is false because the Barabar Hill caves were dedicated by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka and his grandson Dasharatha, not Chandragupta Maurya. Inscriptions in the Sudama cave specifically record that it was gifted by Ashoka to the Ajivika monks in 261 BC. While the caves were indeed dedicated to the Ajivika sect, the historical attribution to Chandragupta Maurya is incorrect, as the tradition of rock-cut cave patronage began under Ashoka.