Statement I: Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce young ones of their species. There are different forms of reproduction. Statement II: Sex organs, male and female, are mandatory for reproduction.

Statement I is true as reproduction is the fundamental biological process by which living organisms produce offspring of their own species to ensure continuity [t2, t6]. There are two primary forms: sexual and asexual reproduction [c5, t3]. Statement II is false because sex organs and the presence of two distinct sexes are not mandatory for all forms of reproduction. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and does not require the union of male and female gametes or specialized sex organs [c1, t1, t6]. Examples include binary fission in bacteria, budding in hydra, and vegetative propagation in plants, where new individuals develop from somatic cells or specific body parts rather than sex organs [c1, t7, t9]. While sexual reproduction typically requires male and female individuals or organs, the existence of asexual modes proves that sex organs are not a universal requirement for the reproductive process [t1, t10].

Sources

1. [1] Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 13: Our Home: Earth, a Unique Life Sustaining Planet > 13.5 What Keeps Life from Disappearing? > p. 220
2. [2] https://pl.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-reproduction-and-cell-division/hs-types-of-reproduction/a/hs-types-of-reproduction-review
3. [3] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce? > What you have learnt > p. 126
4. [4] https://en.khanacademy.org/science/odia-grade-7/x69887504d6e87117:propagation-in-plants/x69887504d6e87117:asexual-reproduction/v/fission-fragmentation-regeneration-budding-spores