In step-down transformer, the AC output gives the

A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction and the conservation of energy. In an ideal transformer, the input power equals the output power (P = VI). Consequently, voltage and current are inversely proportional. A step-down transformer is specifically designed to decrease the voltage from the primary (input) coil to the secondary (output) coil by having fewer turns of wire on the secondary side. Because the voltage is reduced, the current must increase to maintain the power balance. Therefore, the AC output of a step-down transformer provides a current that is higher than the input current. This principle is utilized in local distribution networks to convert high-voltage transmission electricity into a safer, lower voltage with a higher current capacity for end-user equipment.