Under which of the following Acts is the National Population Register being created?

The National Population Register (NPR) is a register of usual residents of India being prepared at various administrative levels, from local to national [1]. It is legally grounded in the provisions of the Citizenship Act, 1955, and the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003 [3]. Specifically, the Citizenship (Amendment) Act of 2003 (which came into effect in 2004) inserted Section 14A into the original 1955 Act [2]. This section empowers the Central Government to compulsorily register every citizen and issue national identity cards. While the Census is conducted under the Census Act of 1948, the NPR is distinct as it falls under the citizenship legal framework. It is mandatory for every usual resident to register in the NPR as per the 2004 amendment [3].

Sources

1. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 17: Contemporary Issues > NPR > p. 94
2. [3] https://www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/pdf_docs/qehwps194.pdf
3. [2] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 7: CITIZENSHIP > REFERENCES · > p. 89