Weathering, mass wasting, erosion and transportation are indicators of which one of the following processes?

The processes of weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and transportation are collectively referred to as denudation [4]. These are exogenic geomorphic processes driven by forces emanating from above the Earth's surface, primarily powered by solar energy and gravity [5]. While weathering involves the mechanical or chemical breakdown of rocks, erosion involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris by agents like water, wind, and ice [5]. These processes work in tandem to wear down the Earth's relief, a phenomenon known as degradation [5]. In contrast, endogenetic processes like diastrophism and volcanism are internal forces that build up or elevate the Earth's crust [6]. Therefore, denudation is the general term that encompasses all exogenic processes that strip away the Earth's surface [4].

Sources

1. [3] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Geomorphic Processes > EXOGENIC PROCESSES > p. 39
2. [4] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: Weathering, Mass Movement and Groundwater > Chapter 4: Weathering, Mass Movement and Groundwater > p. 36
3. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 6: Geomorphic Movements > 6.2. Exogenic Geomorphic Movements > p. 82
4. [5] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Geomorphic Processes > EROSION AND DEPOSITION > p. 43
5. [1] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Geomorphic Processes > GEOMORPHIC PROCESSES > p. 38
6. [6] https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/kegy205.pdf