The correct answer is option 3: Geographic grid.

A geographic grid is the total system of parallels and meridians that form a network of intersecting lines on a map or globe. Parallels are lines of latitude, which run parallel to the equator, while meridians are lines of longitude, which converge at the North and South Poles.

This grid system helps to locate and measure points on the Earth`s surface, enabling accurate navigation and positioning. The lines of latitude and longitude intersect at specific points, or coordinates, which are used to identify locations.

Option 1, "Geographic pattern," is incorrect. While a geographic grid does have a pattern, it is not the commonly used term for this concept.

Option 2, "Geographic arrangement," is also incorrect. While a geographic grid does involve the arrangement of lines, this term is not commonly used to describe it.

Option 4, "Geographic polygon," is incorrect. A polygon is a closed figure with straight sides, which is not applicable to the concept of a geographic grid.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3: Geographic grid.