What would be the total population at the end of the year if population at the beginning of the year is 5000 and population changed during the year is—birth 250, death 60, immigration 30 and emigration 15?

The total population at the end of a year is calculated using the balancing equation for population change. This formula accounts for the four components of change: births, deaths, immigration, and emigration [2]. According to the actual growth of population principle, the final population equals the initial population plus births, minus deaths, plus in-migration (immigration), and minus out-migration (emigration) [3]. Applying the given values: Starting Population (5000) + Births (250) - Deaths (60) + Immigration (30) - Emigration (15). The calculation proceeds as follows: 5000 + 250 = 5250; 5250 - 60 = 5190; 5190 + 30 = 5220; 5220 - 15 = 5205. Thus, the net population change is +205, resulting in a total year-end population of 5205 [1].

Sources

1. [2] https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/1997/demo/p25-1131.pdf.
2. [3] CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: Population > Processes of Population Change/Growth > p. 52
3. [1] FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth > Some Basic Concepts of Population Geography > p. 9