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When heat rays are reflected from Earth, gases like Carbon dioxide, Nitrous oxide do not allow them to escape back to the space causing our planet to heat up. These gases are known as
Explanation
Gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are classified as greenhouse gases (GHGs) because they absorb and re-emit infrared radiation [3]. While the Earth's atmosphere allows short-wave solar radiation to enter, these specific gases trap long-wave (infrared) radiation reflected from the Earth's surface [4]. This process, known as the greenhouse effect, prevents heat from escaping into space, thereby warming the planet [4]. Carbon dioxide is a primary GHG of concern, often produced by burning fossil fuels, while nitrous oxide is a powerful, long-lived gas emitted from agricultural and industrial activities [5]. Other significant greenhouse gases include methane and chlorofluorocarbons [3]. Without this natural effect, Earth would be significantly colder, but human-induced increases in these gas concentrations lead to enhanced global warming [6].
Sources
- [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 7: Climate Change > 2. greenhouse gases > p. 9
- [3] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 12: Major Crops and Cropping Patterns in India > Biotic: Living > p. 111
- [4] Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 13: Our Home: Earth, a Unique Life Sustaining Planet > Table 13.2: Planets in our solar system > p. 214
- [1] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: World Climate and Climate Change > Greenhouse Gases(GHGs) > p. 96
- [5] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Greenhouse gases (GHGS) > p. 426
- [6] https://www.bgs.ac.uk/discovering-geology/climate-change/how-does-the-greenhouse-effect-work/