When a moving bus suddenly applies brakes, the passengers sitting in it fall in the forward direction. This can be explained by :

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Q: 9 (NDA-I/2011)
When a moving bus suddenly applies brakes, the passengers sitting in it fall in the forward direction. This can be explained by :

question_subject: 

Polity

question_exam: 

NDA-I

stats: 

0,32,12,2,32,4,6

keywords: 

{'brakes': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'bus': [0, 0, 1, 1], 'passengers': [0, 0, 1, 0], 'relativity': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'second law': [0, 0, 2, 6], 'newton': [0, 1, 0, 0], 'forward direction': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'first law': [0, 0, 1, 6], 'third law': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'theory': [14, 0, 6, 19]}

The correct answer to why the passengers fall in the forward direction when a moving bus suddenly applies brakes is option 2: Newton’s first law.

Newton’s first law states that an object in motion will continue to move in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by an external force. In this case, when the bus suddenly applies brakes, it exerts an external force on the passengers in the forward direction, which causes them to fall forward.

Here`s why the other options are not correct:

- Option 1: The theory of relativity does not directly explain the phenomenon of passengers falling forward when a bus applies brakes. It primarily deals with the relationships between space, time, and gravity.

- Option 3: Newton’s second law, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied and inversely proportional to its mass, is not directly applicable to the scenario. While it does explain the change in motion, it does not specifically address why the passengers fall forward.

- Option 4: Newton’s third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. While there may be some reaction forces involved in the bus-brake interaction, it does not explain why passengers fall forward.

Therefore, the correct option is