The correct answer is option 2: 2 and 3 only.

Option 1 states that the industrial revolution in England led to the replacement of the cottage industry with the factory system of production using machines. This is true. During the industrial revolution, there was a shift from small-scale, decentralized production in cottage industries to large-scale production in factories using machinery. This change in production methods revolutionized the economy and led to significant advancements in manufacturing processes.

Option 2 states that the industrial revolution led to the overpopulation of villages. This is not entirely correct. While the industrial revolution did bring about significant changes in population patterns, it was not limited to overpopulation of villages. In fact, one of the key features of the industrial revolution was the migration of people from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment in factories. This led to the rapid growth of cities and urban areas, rather than the overpopulation of villages.

Option 3 states that the industrial revolution led to the emergence of working class movements. This is true. As the industrial revolution brought about significant changes in society and the economy, it also led to the emergence of working-class movements and labor unions. Workers faced harsh working conditions, long hours, and low wages, leading to the organized efforts to improve