Which of the following about the principles of Panchsheel are Correct ? 1. These are a set of five principles governing relations between States 2. The assumption of Panchsheel was that newly independent States after decolonization would be able to develop a new and more principled approach to international relations 3. The first formal codification in • treaty form was done in an agree- ment between China and India Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The Panchsheel, or Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, are a set of norms governing relations between states [2]. Formulated in the context of decolonization, the principles were based on the assumption that newly independent states could develop a more principled approach to international relations, seeking space to consolidate their hard-won independence. The first formal codification in treaty form occurred on April 29, 1954, in the Preamble to the 'Agreement on Trade and Intercourse between the Tibet region of China and India' [5]. These principles include mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty, non-aggression, non-interference in internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence [2]. They were later expanded in a joint statement by Jawaharlal Nehru and Zhou Enlai in June 1954 as a framework for global relations [1].

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 36: The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy > Panchsheel > p. 623
2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 88: Foreign Policy > El l Panchsheel > p. 609
3. [5] https://english.www.gov.cn/news/202406/29/content_WS667f6667c6d0868f4e8e8af9.html