The correct answer is option 1, which states that the essential prerequisites for the establishment of a thermal power station are availability of fossil fuels, proximity to a river, lake, or sea, and a good transport network.

Let`s analyze each option to understand why they are prerequisites for a thermal power station:

1. Availability of fossil fuels: Fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, are the primary sources of fuel for thermal power stations. These power stations use the energy released from burning fossil fuels to generate electricity.

2. Proximity to a river, lake, or sea: Thermal power stations require a large amount of water for cooling purposes. Therefore, being located near a water source like a river, lake, or sea is crucial. Water is used to cool the steam that drives the turbines, and the heated water is then returned to the water source.

3. Good transport network: The transportation of fossil fuels to the power station is essential. A good transport network, such as roads or railways, is needed to ensure a continuous supply of fuel to the power station.

4. Proximity to an urban center: This option is not a prerequisite for a thermal power station. While power stations need to be located near areas with high electricity demand, it is not necessarily