Which of the following are examples of carnivorous plants?

Carnivorous plants are specialized organisms that capture and digest insects to supplement nutrients in poor soils. Sundew (Drosera) uses sticky tentacles to trap prey [1]. The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) employs sensitive trigger hairs to snap shut on insects [1]. Pitcher plants (Nepenthes and Sarracenia) utilize tube-shaped leaves filled with digestive enzymes to drown and consume prey. In contrast, plants like Cuscuta (dodder), Rafflesia, and Mistletoe are classified as parasitic plants because they derive nutrients by penetrating a host plant's tissue using haustoria [3]. Sandalwood is specifically a partial-root parasite [2], and Broomrape (Orobanchaceae) is a holoparasite [4]. Bladderwort (Utricularia) is also carnivorous, using underwater bladder-like organs to suck in tiny organisms. Therefore, only Option 1 consists entirely of carnivorous species.

Sources

1. [1] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 13: Plant Diversity of India > 13.3.1. Insectivorous plants of India The Indian Hunters > p. 198
2. [2] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 13: Plant Diversity of India > 8.7.6. Other characters > p. 206
3. [3] https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/parasitic-plants.html
4. [4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8418411/