Which of the following combinations correctly represents the genetic materials in prokaryotes and eukaryotes respectively?

In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, the genetic material is not enclosed within a membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, the DNA is bundled together in a specialized region of the cytoplasm known as the nucleoid [1]. This region lacks a membrane and contains the circular chromosome compacted by nucleoid-associated proteins. In contrast, eukaryotic cells store their genetic information within a membrane-bound nucleus [1]. Within this nucleus, the DNA molecules wrap around histone proteins to form a complex substance called chromatin [2]. While the nucleolus is a structure found inside the eukaryotic nucleus, its primary function is ribosome biogenesis and rRNA synthesis rather than serving as the primary organizational form of the genome. Therefore, the correct combination for prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetic material is the nucleoid and chromatin, respectively.

Sources

1. [1] https://oertx.highered.texas.gov/courseware/lesson/1684/student/?section=7
2. [2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3039934/