Which of the following roles is/are played by epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate in male reproductive system of human?

The male reproductive system involves distinct organs for sperm production and subsequent processing. Spermatogenesis, the actual production of sperm, occurs exclusively within the seminiferous tubules of the testes [3]. Once formed, sperm are immature and non-motile. They travel to the epididymis, where they undergo a maturation process for approximately 14 days, gaining the ability to swim [2]. The vas deferens then transports these mature sperm toward the ejaculatory ducts. Along this path, the seminal vesicles and prostate gland add secretions that form semen [1]. These fluids provide essential nutrients like fructose and create an alkaline environment that supports and enhances sperm motility and survival within the female reproductive tract [1]. Therefore, while the testes handle production, the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate are collectively responsible for the maturation and motility of sperms.

Sources

1. [2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553142/
2. [3] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/seminiferous-tubule
3. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce? > 7.3.3 (a) Male Reproductive System > p. 123