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Q6 (CDS-II/2009) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › Gandhian mass movements Answer Verified

Which of the following statements on Gandhian movements is not correct?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

The statement that leadership had no role in Gandhian movements is incorrect. Gandhi was the central figure who reshaped the Indian National Congress into a mass movement [t6]. He provided strategic direction, such as forming the Passive Resistance Association [c1] and deciding when to suspend movements like the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience movements based on the masses' capacity for sacrifice [c4][t7]. His 'servant leadership' model emphasized integrity and modeling behavior for followers [t5]. Conversely, other statements are accurate: Gandhi was a pioneer of mass movements [t1], his philosophy was fundamentally non-violent (ahimsa) [c1][t2][t10], and he explicitly advocated for passive resistance, which he evolved into the concept of Satyagraha [c1][t4][t7]. Leadership was essential to maintain the non-violent discipline required for these movements to succeed [c5][t6].

Sources

  1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Phase of Passive Resistance or Satyagraha (1906-1914) > p. 313
  2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 19: Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences > Was Gandhi-Irwin Pact a Retreat? > p. 380
  3. [3] https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/mahatma-gandhi-changed-political-protest
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