Which one of the following is considered as ‘good cholesterol’ with reference to individuals facing the risk of cardio-vascular diseases and hypertension ?

High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is widely recognized as 'good cholesterol' because it plays a protective role in cardiovascular health [1]. Unlike Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), which can build up as plaque in arterial walls and lead to blockages, HDL acts as a scavenger [2]. It helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it back to the liver for processing or excretion [1]. Maintaining higher levels of HDL is generally associated with a lower risk of heart disease, heart attacks, and strokes. In contrast, high levels of LDL and triglycerides are linked to increased risks of atherosclerosis and hypertension [2]. While recent research suggests that extremely high HDL levels might not always be beneficial, it remains the standard clinical designation for 'good cholesterol' in the context of managing cardiovascular risk factors.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/cholesterol
2. [2] https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/about/ldl-and-hdl-cholesterol-and-triglycerides.html