Question map
Which one of the following descriptions denotes the phenomenon of E1 Nino ?
Explanation
El Niño is a climate phenomenon characterized by the anomalous warming of sea surface temperatures (SST) in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean [6]. It represents the warm phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle [6]. Under normal conditions, trade winds blow warm water toward the west; however, during El Niño, these winds weaken, allowing warm water to drift eastward toward the South American coast, replacing the cool Peruvian current [2]. This shift in ocean temperatures alters atmospheric circulation and pressure patterns, leading to significant global weather variations [4]. Option 1 describes a tornado, Option 2 refers to the Coriolis effect, and Option 4 describes tropical cyclones in the Atlantic/Caribbean basin [t3]. Therefore, the description of widespread warming in the tropical Pacific accurately denotes El Niño [7].
Sources
- [3] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate of India > Possible Causes of El-Nino > p. 13
- [5] https://www.climate.gov/news-features/blogs/enso/what-el-nino-southern-oscillation-enso-nutshell
- [6] https://www.weather.gov/media/ajk/brochures/ENSOFactSheetWinter1617.pdf
- [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > el nino (southern oscillation) and indian Monsoon > p. 54
- [4] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > el nino (southern oscillation) and indian Monsoon > p. 53
- [7] https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/el-nino/