Which one of the following diseases does not transmit through fine droplets coming out from mouth or nose of an infected person?

Diseases like Pneumonia, COVID-19, and Tuberculosis are primarily transmitted through respiratory secretions. COVID-19 and Tuberculosis spread via fine droplets and aerosols expelled when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks [2]. Pneumonia, often caused by bacterial or viral pathogens, similarly spreads through air or direct contact with respiratory droplets [5]. In contrast, HIV-AIDS is a bloodborne and sexually transmitted infection [4]. It is transmitted through intimate contact with specific bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, and vaginal secretions, rather than through respiratory droplets or fine particles from the mouth or nose [4]. While COVID-19 and Tuberculosis are classified as airborne or droplet-borne diseases that target the respiratory system, HIV-AIDS requires direct fluid exchange or vertical transmission from mother to child, making it the only disease in the list that does not transmit via respiratory droplets.

Sources

1. [2] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce? > 7.3.3 (d) Reproductive Health > p. 125
2. [5] https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/3/20-3456_article
3. [4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10381217/