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Q40 (NDA-I/2010) Geography › World Physical Geography › Rocks and minerals Answer Verified

Which one of the following is generally found in sedimentary rocks?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed through the lithification, consolidation, and compaction of sediments derived from the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks [4]. Shale is a primary example of a mechanically formed (clastic) sedimentary rock, specifically an argillaceous rock composed of clay and silt-sized particles [3][t3]. While silica is a common mineral component (often as quartz) that can act as a cementing agent in sedimentary rocks, it is not a rock type itself [3][t3]. Basalt is explicitly classified as an extrusive igneous rock rich in magnesium and iron [t4][t7]. Magnesium is a chemical element found in various minerals but is not a rock. Therefore, among the given options, shale is the definitive rock type generally found in sedimentary formations [4][t1].

Sources

  1. [4] https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-are-sedimentary-rocks
  2. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > Some Examples of Metamorphosis > p. 174
  3. [3] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 2: The Earth's Crust > SEDIMENTARY ROCKS > p. 18
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