The correct answer for this question is option 1: Methanol. Methanol is known as wood spirit because it is produced during the destructive distillation of wood. Destructive distillation is a process in which wood is heated in the absence of oxygen, resulting in the breakdown of its components into various gases and liquids. One of the main products of this process is methanol, which is volatile and has a characteristic smell similar to that of spirits derived from fermented wood. Methanol is a colorless liquid that is highly flammable and toxic if ingested or inhaled in large quantities. It is used in various industries as a solvent, antifreeze, and raw material for the production of formaldehyde and other chemicals. It is important to note that although methanol is known as wood spirit, it is different from ethanol (option 2), which is the main alcoholic component found in alcoholic beverages.