Which one of the following is a landlocked country?

A landlocked country is defined as an independent state surrounded by other countries, lacking direct access to an ocean or an ocean-accessible sea. Among the options provided, Hungary is explicitly identified as a landlocked country situated in Central Europe, bordered by seven nations including Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, and Austria [2]. While the Danube River flows through Hungary, providing an inland waterway, it does not grant the country a coastline. In contrast, Bulgaria, Romania, and Ukraine are not landlocked as they possess significant coastlines along the Black Sea. Specifically, Romania features the Danube Delta on its coast, and Ukraine's coastline includes major ports like Odessa and the Crimean peninsula. Therefore, Hungary is the only landlocked nation in the list [1].

Sources

1. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 9: Distribution of World Natural Resources > Table 9.9 Major Natural Gas Producing Centres of the World > p. 20
2. [1] FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Transport and Communication > The Danube Waterway > p. 65