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Q42 (CAPF/2016) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) › Basic mechanics concepts Answer Verified

Which one of the following statements is correct?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: A
Explanation

The acceleration due to gravity (g) is not constant and varies with altitude, depth, and latitude. As altitude increases, the distance from the Earth's center increases, causing g to decrease according to the inverse-square law. Regarding depth, assuming uniform density, g decreases linearly as one moves towards the center because the mass enclosed within the smaller radius decreases. This contradicts option 2. Latitude also affects g; it is greater at the poles and less at the equator due to the Earth's oblate spheroid shape and centrifugal force [2]. Thus, g increases with latitude, making option 3 incorrect. Finally, g is directly proportional to the mass of the Earth (g = GM/R²), so it is not independent of it. Therefore, only the statement that g decreases with altitude is correct.

Sources

  1. [2] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: The Origin and Evolution of the Earth > Indirect Sources > p. 19
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