Which one of the following is useful in paper manufacturing industry?

The paper manufacturing industry is fundamentally a raw material-based industry that relies on plant fibers to produce pulp [1]. The primary raw materials used are fibrous plants, which provide the necessary cellulose fiber structures for papermaking. These include woody sources like softwood (coniferous trees like pine and spruce) and hardwood (eucalyptus, poplar), as well as non-woody fibrous plants such as bamboo, grasses (sabai grass), jute, hemp, kenaf, and agricultural residues like bagasse and wheat straw [4]. In India, bamboo alone constitutes approximately 70% of the raw material for the industry [1]. These fibrous materials are processed through mechanical or chemical pulping to separate the cellulose fibers from lignin, creating the building blocks for various paper products. Orchids and non-flowering plants (unless they are fibrous like conifers) are not standard industrial sources for paper pulp.

Sources

1. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 11: Industries > PAPER INDUSTRY > p. 56
2. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 11: Industries > 7. Madhya Pradesh > p. 59
3. [4] https://www.fao.org/4/w7990e/w7990e08.htm