Which is the primary component of natural gas ?

Natural gas is a fossil fuel composed primarily of methane (CH4), which typically accounts for 80% to 90% of its total volume [2]. Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon, consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms [t2]. While natural gas is a mixture of various gaseous hydrocarbons, other components such as ethane, propane, and butane are present in significantly smaller quantities [2][t1]. Methane is also the major constituent of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and bio-gas [1]. During processing, heavier hydrocarbons like propane and butane are often removed to maintain the quality and purity of the final natural gas product [t5]. Because methane is the dominant ingredient, it is frequently cited as the primary component in both industrial and environmental contexts, including discussions on its role as a potent greenhouse gas [t9].

Sources

1. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 9: Distribution of World Natural Resources > natural gas as a Resource > p. 15
2. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds > 4.1 BONDING IN CARBON – THE COVALENT BOND > p. 60