Who among the following is considered as the father of genetic engineering?

Paul Berg is widely recognized as the 'father of genetic engineering' for his pioneering work in recombinant DNA technology. In 1972, Berg's laboratory at Stanford University successfully created the first recombinant DNA molecule by combining genetic material from two different organisms, specifically inserting DNA from the lambda phage into the genome of the SV40 virus. This landmark achievement laid the foundation for modern biotechnology and the artificial manipulation of genomes. For his fundamental contributions to the biochemistry of nucleic acids and the development of gene-splicing techniques, Berg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980. Beyond his technical innovations, he was instrumental in establishing ethical guidelines for the field, notably leading the 1975 Asilomar Conference to address the safety of recombinant DNA research.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867424000096