Who among the following started the Aligarh movement ?

The Aligarh Movement was started by Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan in 1875 [c1]. It was a systemic socio-religious reform movement aimed at modernizing Indian Muslims by reconciling Western scientific education with Islamic teachings [c1][t6]. Sir Sayyid founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh, which later became Aligarh Muslim University, to serve as the movement's educational hub [t1][t5]. He advocated for social reforms such as raising the status of women, removing the purdah system, and promoting Urdu as a lingua franca [c2][t8]. While other figures like Liaquat Ali Khan and Mohammad Ali Jinnah were influenced by the movement's legacy or attended the university, they were political leaders of the 20th century rather than the movement's originators [t1][t7][t9]. The movement played a crucial role in the intellectual awakening of the Muslim community in the 19th century [t3][t6].

Sources

1. [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 19: Towards Modernity > Aligarh Movement (1875) > p. 303
2. [2] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 13: Growth of New India Religious and Social Reform After 1858 > Savvid Ahmad Khan and the Aligarh School > p. 223