The correct answer to the question is option 3: Johannes Kepler. Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician who played a crucial role in the scientific revolution. He is best known for formulating laws of planetary motion, which are now known as Kepler`s laws.
Option 1, Galileo Galilei, was an Italian astronomer who made significant astronomical discoveries, such as observing Jupiter`s moons and proving the heliocentric model. However, he did not discover the laws of planetary orbits.
Option 2, Nicholas Copernicus, was a Polish astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system. While he made a groundbreaking contribution to our understanding of planetary motion, he did not discover the laws of planetary orbits.
Option 4, Isaac Newton, was an English physicist and mathematician who formulated the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. While Newton`s laws explain the motion and gravity of objects, it was Kepler who discovered the specific laws of planetary motion.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 3: Johannes Kepler who discovered the laws of planetary orbits.