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Q38 (IAS/2015) Geography › Indian Physical Geography › Indian forest types Official Key

Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen forest and deciduous forest?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have highly developed mangrove forests[1], and semi-evergreen forests are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands[2]. Additionally, Andaman and Nicobar Islands is forest based with evergreen and deciduous forests[3]. This makes it the only region among the given options that has all three forest types - mangroves, evergreen, and deciduous forests in combination.

For comparison, Andhra Pradesh has mangroves in the Godavari Delta[4], but the coastal areas lack the combination of all three types. South-West Bengal (Sundarbans) has evergreen mangroves[5] and moist deciduous vegetation[5], making it a close contender, but the Andaman and Nicobar Islands represent a more complete and distinct combination of all three forest ecosystems.

Sources
  1. [1] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation > Littoral and Swamp Forests > p. 46
  2. [2] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 10: Indian Forest > 10.1.2. Tropical Semi-evergreen forests > p. 161
  3. [3] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > Strategy for Development > p. 94
  4. [4] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and National Parks > Mangroves in India-2019 > p. 52
  5. [5] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and National Parks > 4. The Gangetic Plain > p. 5
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen forest and deciduous forest? [A] North Coast…
At a glance
Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 7.5/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Intersection Set' question. It doesn't ask for a single forest type but the overlap of three distinct biomes. It rewards students who study regions holistically (e.g., 'What does the Andaman ecosystem look like?') rather than just memorizing separate maps for Mangroves and Deciduous forests.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Does the North Coastal Andhra Pradesh region of India contain mangrove, evergreen, and deciduous forests?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and National Parks > Mangroves in India-2019 > p. 52
Presence: 5/5
“• S.No.: 1.; Mangrove: Kendrapara; State/UT: Odisha; Total Area (in km2): 201.49 • S.No.: 2.; Mangrove: Uttar Kannada; State/UT: Karnataka; Total Area (in km2): 8.50 • S.No.: 3.; Mangrove: Goa; State/UT: Goa; Total Area (in km2): 26 • S.No.: 4.; Mangrove: Godavari Delta; State/UT: Andhra Pradesh; Total Area (in km2): 188.06 • S.No.: 5.; Mangrove: Gulf of Kutch; State/UT: Gujarat; Total Area (in km2): 794.77 • S.No.: 6.; Mangrove: Krishna Delta; State/UT: Andhra Pradesh; Total Area (in km2): 137.08 • S.No.: 7.; Mangrove: Guntur; State/UT: Andhra Pradesh; Total Area (in km2): 68 • S.No.: 8.; Mangrove: Bhadrak; State/UT: Odisha; Total Area (in km2): 34.87 • S.No.: 9.; Mangrove: North Andaman; State/UT: Andman & Nicobar Islands; Total Area (in km2): 424.52 • S.No.: 10.; Mangrove: Thiruvarur*; State/UT: Tamil Nadu; Total Area (in km2): 12.85 • S.No.: 11.; Mangrove: Thanjavur; State/UT: Tamil Nadu; Total Area (in km2): 12.25 • S.No.: 12.; Mangrove: Udupi, N.”
Why this source?
  • Explicit list of major mangrove areas includes Godavari Delta and Krishna Delta in Andhra Pradesh, showing mangrove presence in AP's coastal region.
  • Provides measured areas for these deltas, indicating significant mangrove extent rather than incidental occurrence.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 10: Indian Forest > ro.r.7. Tropical Dry evergreen forest > p. 163
Presence: 4/5
“Dry evergreens are found along Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka coast. It is mainly hard-leaved evergreen trees with fragrant flowers, along with a few deciduous trees.”
Why this source?
  • States that dry evergreen forests occur along the Andhra Pradesh coast, directly supporting presence of evergreen type in the coastal region.
  • Specifies coastal distribution (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka), linking evergreen forest type to the seaboard.
Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > social relevance of forests > p. 21
Presence: 5/5
“• Col1: 1.; Types of Forest: Tropical Wet-evergreen Forests; States/Union Territories: Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Western Ghats; Species of vegetation: Betel-nut-palm, fern, hillock, jack-fruit, rubber, cincona, rose-wood, iron wood, orchids, etc. • Col1: 2.; Types of Forest: Tropical Semi-evergreen Forests; States/Union Territories: Andaman and Nicobar, Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats; Species of vegetation: Mixture of wet and dry evergreen trees • Col1: 3.; Types of Forest: Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests; States/Union Territories: Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, North Eastern Hills of India,; Species of vegetation: Tall trees, thick trunks, thick bark, long branches with butts, trees drop their leaves in dry season, teak, sal, shisum, bamboo, etc. • Col1: 4.; Types of Forest: Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest; States/Union Territories: Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Northeast Hilly States; Species of vegetation: Acacia, bamboo, Mahuva, sal, teak, etc. • Col1: 5.; Types of Forest: Tropical Torn Forests; States/Union Territories: Black earth region, North-west and Peninsular India; Species of vegetation: Caper, cactus, spurge, stunted fat topped trees (less than ten meters in height) • Col1: 6.; Types of Forest: Tropical Dry Evergreen Forests; States/Union Territories: Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana; Species of vegetation: Hard leaved evergreen trees with fragrant fowers mixed with a few decidu ous trees • Col1: 7.; Types of Forest: Subtropical Broad-leaved Forest; States/Union Territories: Eastern Himalayas, Western Ghats, Silent Valley; Species of vegetation: Cinnamon, fragrant grasses, poonspar, rhodo dendron.”
Why this source?
  • Identifies Tropical Dry Deciduous forests as occurring in Andhra Pradesh, confirming deciduous forest presence in the state.
  • Also separately lists Tropical Dry Evergreen forests for Andhra Pradesh, corroborating multiple forest types within the state.
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