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Q83 (IAS/2015) Polity & Governance › Fundamental Rights, DPSP & Fundamental Duties › Fundamental Duties framework Official Key

"To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India" is a provision made in the

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

Article 51A(c) states that it is the duty of all citizens "to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India."[1] The Fundamental Duties are incorporated in Article 51A [Part IVA], which has been inserted by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.[2] According to Article 51A, it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.[3]

The provision "to uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India" is specifically part of the Fundamental Duties, not the Preamble, Directive Principles, or Fundamental Rights. The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment in 1976, inspired by the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. This particular duty emphasizes every citizen's responsibility to maintain India's territorial integrity and national unity, making it a constitutional obligation rather than just an ideal or a justiciable right.

Sources
  1. [2] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 8: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > Fundamental Duties. > p. 161
  2. [3] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties > LIST OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > p. 120
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Q. "To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India" is a provision made in the [A] Preamble of the Constitution [B] D…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 2.5/10 · 7.5/10
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Statement 1
Does the Preamble of the Constitution of India include the provision "To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India"?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"shall be the duty of every citizen of India— ... (c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;"
Why this source?
  • This passage lists fundamental duties and explicitly includes the exact phrase as duty (c).
  • Shows the phrase is part of the duties of citizens, not presented as part of the Preamble in this excerpt.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"promote national integration, reflecting the country's commitment to sovereignty, socialism, secularism and democracy;"
Why this source?
  • Discusses displaying the Preamble and states it reflects commitment to 'sovereignty, socialism, secularism and democracy'.
  • Indicates the Preamble expresses commitment to 'sovereignty' generally, but does not quote the full phrase 'to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India', supporting that the exact provision is elsewhere.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 5: Preamble of the Constitution > TEXT OF THE PREAMBLE > p. 42
Strength: 5/5
“The Preamble in its present form reads: "We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:" JUSTICE, Social, Economic and Political: LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all; FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION".”
Why relevant

Gives the full current text of the Preamble which explicitly contains the phrase 'FRATERNITY ... and the unity and integrity of the Nation' but does not show the words 'uphold and protect'.

How to extend

A student can compare the exact wording shown here with the quoted phrase to see which words match or differ.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 3: THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CONSTITUTION > EVERY Constitution has a philosophy of its own. > p. 22
Strength: 4/5
“INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA It will be seen that the ideal embodied in the above The Preamble. Resolution is faithfully reflected in the Preamble to the Constitution, which, as amended in 1976,​ summarises the aims and objects of the Constitution: WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all; FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and the unity and integrity of the Nation: IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITU-TION.”
Why relevant

Provides an amended version of the Preamble text (post-1976) including 'unity and integrity of the Nation' and shows the Preamble's aims and objects.

How to extend

Use this to check whether 'uphold and protect' appears in the Preamble or instead elsewhere in the Constitution.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 3: THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CONSTITUTION > THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CONSTITUTION > p. 28
Strength: 4/5
“The Indian Constitution, therefore, does not seek to abolish private property altogether but seeks to put it under restrictions so that it may be used in the interests of the nation, which includes the upliftment of the poor. Need for Unity and Unity amongst the inhabitants of this vast sub-continent, Integrity of the to-l-n as undel- by a multitude of problems and fissiparous Nation forces, was the first requisite for maintaining the independence of the country as well as to make the experiment of democracy successful. The ideal of unity has been buttressed by adding the words 'and integrity' of the Nation, in the Preamble, by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976.”
Why relevant

Explains that the words 'and integrity' were added by the 42nd Amendment, showing how specific wording in the Preamble can be amended.

How to extend

A student might look up the text of the 42nd Amendment (or its effect) to verify which exact phrases were inserted into the Preamble versus other parts of the Constitution.

Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties > LIST OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > p. 120
Strength: 5/5
“t LIST OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES According to Article 5, it shall be the duty of every citizen of India: (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the nation's struggle for freedom; (c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India; (d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so; (e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and cultural differences. l”
Why relevant

Shows that the exact phrase 'to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India' is used as a Fundamental Duty in Article 51A, not (according to this snippet) in the Preamble.

How to extend

Compare the Fundamental Duties wording here with the Preamble text (snippets 1–2) to determine where the phrase actually appears in the Constitution.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 5: Preamble of the Constitution > PREAMBLE AS PART OF THE CONSTITUTION > p. 47
Strength: 3/5
“It observed that the Preamble is of extreme importance and the Constitution should be read and interpreted in the light of the grand and noble vision expressed in the Preamble. In the LIC of India case (1995) also, the Supreme Court again held that the Preamble is an integral part of the Constitution. Like any other part of the Constitution, the Preamble was also enacted by the Constituent Assembly; but after the rest of the Constitution was already enacted. The reason for inserting the Preamble at the end was to ensure that it was in conformity with the Constitution as adopted by the Constituent Assembly.”
Why relevant

States that the Preamble is an integral part of the Constitution and that its precise wording matters for interpretation.

How to extend

Use this rule to justify verifying the exact Preamble text (as given in the other snippets) rather than assuming similar phrases from other constitutional provisions.

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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