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Consider the following statements : The India-Africa Summit 1. held in 2015 was the third such Summit 2. was actually initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
The Third India-Africa Forum Summit was held on 29 October 2015 in New Delhi.[1] This confirms that statement 1 is correct—the 2015 summit was indeed the third such summit. Since the first India Africa Forum Summit in 2008, India has committed 7.4 billion dollars in concessional credit[2], which further corroborates that the India-Africa Forum Summit is a relatively recent initiative that began in 2008, not in 1951.
Statement 2, claiming that the summit was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951, is incorrect. The India-Africa Forum Summit mechanism was launched only in 2008, making it a 21st-century initiative. While India had historical ties with Africa dating back to the independence era and Nehru's support for African decolonization, the formal India-Africa Summit framework was not established during his time.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct, making option A the right answer.
Sources- [1] https://cms.rajyasabha.nic.in/UploadedFiles/Debates/OfficialDebatesDatewise/Floor/237/F03.12.2015.pdf
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis question is a classic 'Current Event vs. Historical Origin' trap. The 2015 summit was a headline event, making Statement 1 a sitter for active aspirants. Statement 2 tests your ability to distinguish between the general 'Afro-Asian Solidarity' era of the 1950s and specific modern institutional mechanisms like the IAFS.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The Third India-Africa Forum Summit was held on 29, October 2015 in New Delhi."
Why this source?
- Explicitly names the 29 October 2015 event as the Third India-Africa Forum Summit.
- Provides date and location tying the 2015 summit to the 'Third' designation.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Address by Muhammadu Buhari President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria at the plenary session of the Third India-Africa Forum Summit New Delhi, October 29, 2015"
Why this source?
- Refers to speeches delivered at the 'Third India-Africa Forum Summit' in New Delhi on October 29, 2015.
- Connects the 2015 summit explicitly with the 'Third' forum summit phrasing.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Delhi Declaration 2015, Third India Africa Forum Summit, 29 October 2015, MEA, GOI"
Why this source?
- Lists 'Delhi Declaration 2015, Third India Africa Forum Summit, 29 October 2015' in its references.
- Explicitly identifies the 2015 Delhi summit as the Third India-Africa Forum Summit.
- Explicitly names the 29 October 2015 event as the Third India-Africa Forum Summit.
- Provides date and location tying the 2015 summit to the 'Third' designation.
- Refers to speeches delivered at the 'Third India-Africa Forum Summit' in New Delhi on October 29, 2015.
- Connects the 2015 summit explicitly with the 'Third' forum summit phrasing.
- Lists 'Delhi Declaration 2015, Third India Africa Forum Summit, 29 October 2015' in its references.
- Explicitly identifies the 2015 Delhi summit as the Third India-Africa Forum Summit.
Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Indi External Relations > Afro-Asian unity > p. 58
Strength: 4/5
“India was a staunch supporter of the decolonisation process and firmly opposed racism, especially apartheid in South Africa. The Afro-Asian conference held in the Indonesian city of Bandung in 1955, commonly known as the Bandung Conference, marked the zenith of India's engagement with the newly independent Asian and African nations. The Bandung Conference later led to the establishment of the NAM. The First Summit of the NAM was held in Belgrade in September 1961. Nehru was a co-founder of the NAM.”
Why relevant
States India was a staunch supporter of newly independent African nations and that India engaged in high‑level multilateral diplomacy (e.g., Bandung → NAM).
How to extend
A student could use this to infer India has a pattern of hosting/participating in periodic multilateral summits with African states and therefore check the sequence and dates of India–Africa summits to see if 2015 is the third.
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > India's Man in Space > p. 715
Strength: 4/5
“Non-Aligned Movement Under Indira Gandhi, India reasserted its prominence in the Non-Aligned Movement. India hosted the 1983 summit of NAM at Delhi and thus”
Why relevant
Gives an example that India has hosted major international summits (NAM, Delhi 1983), showing precedent for India convening summit-level meetings.
How to extend
Use the precedent of India hosting summits to justify searching official records of India‑Africa summits (host years and ordinal numbers) to verify whether 2015 was the third.
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > INDIA'S ROLE IN WORLD AFFAIRS > p. 58
Strength: 3/5
“The Republic of India, the second most populous country and one of the fastest growing economies in the world, is considered as a major power and a potential superpower. It is India's growing international influence that gives it a prominent voice in global affairs. India has a long history of collaboration with several countries and is considered as a leader of the developing world. India was one of the founding members of the United Nations and the Non-Aligned Movement and is an active member of several international organisations, most notably the WTO, ADB, SAARC, G8+5, East Asian Summit, and G20.”
Why relevant
Describes India as a leader of the developing world with active roles in international organisations, implying sustained diplomatic engagement with regions like Africa.
How to extend
Combine this with knowledge that such leadership often involves periodic summits; a student can therefore look up the timeline of India–Africa summit meetings to determine the ordinal number of 2015.
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > INDIA'S ROLE IN WORLD AFFAIRS > p. 59
Strength: 3/5
“Countries considered India's closest allies include the Russian Federation, Israel, Bhutan, Nepal, and Tajikistan. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and economic liberalisation in 1992, India has fostered a close relationship with the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Japan. India's military and economic collaboration with the United States, Japan, and Israel has grown significantly in the past few years. India has also forged relationships with developing countries, especially South Africa, Brazil, Mexico, and the Republic of China. India, along with Mexico, Brazil, and South Africa, often represents the interests of the developing countries through economic forums such as the G8+5, IBSA, G4, and WTO.”
Why relevant
Notes India forges relationships specifically with African countries (e.g., South Africa), indicating targeted bilateral and multilateral engagement with Africa.
How to extend
A student could use this to justify investigating India–Africa diplomatic initiatives and summit histories (dates/sequence) to judge whether the 2015 meeting was the third.
States India was a staunch supporter of newly independent African nations and that India engaged in high‑level multilateral diplomacy (e.g., Bandung → NAM).
A student could use this to infer India has a pattern of hosting/participating in periodic multilateral summits with African states and therefore check the sequence and dates of India–Africa summits to see if 2015 is the third.
Gives an example that India has hosted major international summits (NAM, Delhi 1983), showing precedent for India convening summit-level meetings.
Use the precedent of India hosting summits to justify searching official records of India‑Africa summits (host years and ordinal numbers) to verify whether 2015 was the third.
Describes India as a leader of the developing world with active roles in international organisations, implying sustained diplomatic engagement with regions like Africa.
Combine this with knowledge that such leadership often involves periodic summits; a student can therefore look up the timeline of India–Africa summit meetings to determine the ordinal number of 2015.
Notes India forges relationships specifically with African countries (e.g., South Africa), indicating targeted bilateral and multilateral engagement with Africa.
A student could use this to justify investigating India–Africa diplomatic initiatives and summit histories (dates/sequence) to judge whether the 2015 meeting was the third.
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