Consider the following statements : 1. In tropical regions, Zika virus disease is transmitted by the same mosquito that transmits dengue. 2. Sexual transmission of Zika virus disease is possible. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Explicitly states dengue virus is carried by the yellow‑fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and that the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is another prominent carrier.

A student could note these Aedes species as established vectors for an arboviral disease in tropics and then check whether Zika is also classified as an arbovirus transmitted by the same genus in maps or vector lists.

Classifies dengue as a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes and lists prevention by controlling mosquito breeding, linking dengue to mosquito vectors in general.

Use the pattern that dengue is a mosquito‑borne virus to motivate checking whether Zika (another viral disease reported in tropical regions) shares mosquito transmission.

Defines vectors as insects like mosquitoes that spread pathogens and emphasizes that some pathogens are spread by mosquitoes.

Apply the general rule that many viruses in tropics are mosquito‑borne to suggest investigating which mosquito species transmit Zika versus dengue.

Mentions reported cases of Zika virus infection in Kerala (tropical region) without specifying vector, establishing that Zika occurs in areas where mosquito‑transmitted diseases are present.

Combine occurrence of Zika in tropical regions with the known presence of Aedes mosquitoes there to plausibly hypothesize overlapping vectors and then verify with targeted vector information.

States that blood‑sucking arthropods like mosquitoes are effective transmitters of epidemic diseases, providing a rule that mosquitoes commonly transmit human viral diseases.

Use this general transmission rule to justify investigating whether the same mosquito genera (Aedes) transmit multiple tropical arboviruses such as dengue and Zika.

States that many diseases, including viral infections (e.g., warts, HIV-AIDS), can be sexually transmitted and that condoms reduce transmission.

A student could apply this general rule (viruses can be sexually transmitted) to ask whether Zika — being a virus — might also be found in sexual fluids or linked to sexual exposure in case reports.

Explicitly mentions Zika virus infections and reported deaths in a human population (Kerala), confirming Zika is a human pathogen in the studied region.

Knowing Zika infects humans, one could look for non-mosquito transmission chains (e.g., sexual partners) in epidemiological data from affected areas.

Describes that dengue/chikungunya are viruses transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, illustrating the common vector-borne route for related arboviruses.

A student can contrast the typical mosquito (vector) transmission of related viruses with reports of transmission in settings lacking mosquito exposure to suspect alternative routes (including sexual).

Table classifies certain viral diseases (e.g., dengue) as transmitted by insects and emphasises understanding how infectious diseases spread and how to prevent them.

Using this framework, a student can seek cases where standard vector prevention would not explain transmission (supporting investigation of sexual transmission).

Explains that the sexual act involves specific organs and intimate body contact required for transfer of germ-cells, underpinning mechanics by which sexually transmitted infections spread.

A student could infer that intimate contact or exchange of bodily fluids during sex might allow a human virus (like Zika) to move between partners and thus should be checked in studies of sexual contacts.