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Q4 (IAS/2018) Environment & Ecology › Environment Laws, Policies & Institutions (India) › Environmental Regulatory Bodies Official Key

How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) ? 1. The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order of the Government. 2. The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B (Statement 2 only).

The National Green Tribunal was established by the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010[1], making the first part of Statement 1 correct. However, Statement 1 is **incorrect** because the CPCB was **not** created by an executive order. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 created pollution control boards with functions to promote cleanliness of streams and wells[2], and the Air Act was enacted on 29th March 1981 for prevention, control and abatement of air pollution through Air Pollution Control Boards[3]. Thus, CPCB was established through Acts of Parliament, not executive orders.

Statement 2 is **correct**. The NGT was established for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection, including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation[4], thereby providing environmental justice and reducing litigation burden in higher courts. The pollution control boards' main functions include promoting cleanliness of streams and wells[2], and the CPCB executes the National Air Quality Monitoring Programme to determine air quality status and compliance[5], confirming it aims to improve air quality.

Sources
  1. [1] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 23: THE HIGH COURT > p. 369
  2. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > water (Prevention and control of Pollution) act, 1974 > p. 14
  3. [3] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > air (Prevention and control of Pollution) act, 1981 > p. 15
  4. [4] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 27: Environmental Organizations > 27.7. NATIONAL GREEN TRISUNAL (NGT) > p. 385
  5. [5] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > a) National Air Quality Monitoring Programme > p. 69
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) ? 1. The NGT has been established by …
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Nature of Body' trap. UPSC loves confusing aspirants by swapping 'Statutory' with 'Executive'. While Statement 2 is a straightforward functional comparison found in standard texts (Shankar/NCERT), Statement 1 relies on the specific legal genesis of CPCB (Water Act, 1974) vs NGT (NGT Act, 2010). If you missed the 'Executive Order' lie in Statement 1, you walked into the trap.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Was the National Green Tribunal (NGT) in India established by an Act of Parliament (the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010)?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 23: THE HIGH COURT > p. 369
Presence: 5/5
“In 2010, the Parliament enacted the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 to constitute the”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states that in 2010 Parliament enacted the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.
  • Direct link between Parliament and the statutory creation of the NGT.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > 2018 TEST PAPER > p. 755
Presence: 5/5
“How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)? • 1. The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order of 'the Government. 2. The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in higher courts, whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country. Which of the st.:1 tements given above is/ a re correct? (a) 1 o nly (b) 2 o nly • 15.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly contrasts NGT as being 'established by an Act' with CPCB created by executive order.
  • Confirms legal mode of creation (Act of Parliament) for the NGT.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 27: Environmental Organizations > 27.7. NATIONAL GREEN TRISUNAL (NGT) > p. 385
Presence: 5/5
“The Preamble of the act provides for the establishment of a National Green Tribunal for the effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources, including enforcement of any legal right relating to environment and giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto (The National Green Tribunal Act, zoro). • r With the establishment of the NGT, India has joined the distinguished league of countries that have a dedicated adjudicatory forum to address environmental disputes. • r India is third country in the world to full fleged green tribunal followed by New Zeaiand and Australia. • r The specialized architecture of the NGT will facilitate fast track resolution of environmental cases and provide a boost to the implementation of many sustainable development measures.”
Why this source?
  • Refers to the Preamble of the Act providing for establishment of a National Green Tribunal.
  • Describes the Act's purpose in constituting the NGT (environmental adjudication).
Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CAPF · 2012 · Q121 Relevance score: 2.39

Which of the following statements about National Green Tribunal is/are correct? 1. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environ- mental disputes involving multidisciplinary issues. 2. The Tribunal shall be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

CDS-I · 2019 · Q4 Relevance score: 1.44

Which one of the following statements about the National Green Tribunal is not correct?

IAS · 2012 · Q29 Relevance score: -0.13

The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 was enacted in consonance with which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India? 1. Right to healthy environment, construed as a part of Right to life under Article 21 2. Provision of grants for raising the level of administration in the Scheduled Areas for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes under Article 275 (A) 3. Power and functions of Gram Sabha as mentioned under Article 243(A) Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

CDS-I · 2013 · Q1 Relevance score: -1.23

Which one among the following has been included as a parameter for the first time under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), based on Central Pollution Control Board and IIT, Kanpur research, WHO guidelines and European Union limits and practices ?

IAS · 2009 · Q114 Relevance score: -2.02

Consider the following statements : 1. Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was set up during the Prime Ministership of Lal Bahadur Shastri. 2. The Members for CAT are drawn from both judicial and administrative streams. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?