Question map
Consider the following infrastructure sectors : 1. Affordable housing 2. Mass rapid transport 3. Health care 4. Renewable energy On how many of the above does UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus for its investments?
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3 (Only three).
The UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative is designed to bridge the gap between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and private sector investment. It focuses on large-scale infrastructure projects in three specific priority sectors:
- Affordable Housing: Aiming to provide sustainable and scalable housing solutions.
- Renewable Energy: Investing in solar, wind, and other clean energy sources to mitigate climate change.
- Health Care: Focusing on health infrastructure, such as hospitals and clinics, to improve accessibility.
While Mass Rapid Transport is a vital component of sustainable urban development under the broader SDGs, it is not one of the three core thematic pillars explicitly defined by the S3i initiative for its direct investment portfolio. Therefore, out of the four sectors listed, only three (Affordable Housing, Renewable Energy, and Health Care) are the primary focus areas for S3i investments.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a 'Current Affairs Bouncer' targeting a specific arm (S3i) of a UN body (UNOPS). Standard textbooks cover infrastructure broadly (PPPs, NIIF), but the specific mandate of S3i is pure current affairs. It tests if you distinguish between 'Heavy Economic Infrastructure' (Rail/Ports) and 'Social/Impact Infrastructure' (Housing/Health).
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Does the UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus its investments on affordable housing?
- Statement 2: Does the UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus its investments on mass rapid transport?
- Statement 3: Does the UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus its investments on health care?
- Statement 4: Does the UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus its investments on renewable energy?
- Explicitly names 'affordable housing' as one of the three pillars of S3i's work.
- Links S3i directly to infrastructure priorities, indicating investment focus areas.
- Directly states S3i invests with measurable impact in 'affordable housing'.
- Frames affordable housing as a core investment area alongside renewable energy.
Identifies 'Housing for All' as an explicit government infrastructure programme targeted at poor and marginalized groups, treating housing as an infrastructure investment.
A student could use this patternâthat multilateral/UN-backed infrastructure initiatives often include housingâto check whether S3i's remit or portfolio lists housing or aligns with 'housing as infrastructure'.
Defines infrastructure broadly (power, transport, communication) and notes infrastructure has public-good elements and externalities, implying housing could be considered within socio-economic infrastructure.
A student could extend this definition to ask whether S3i's definition of 'infrastructure' includes social/economic infrastructure like affordable housing.
Lists financing sources for urban infrastructure projects (state resources, multilateral/bilateral institutions, private sector via PPPs), indicating how housing projects are typically funded.
Using this financing pattern, a student could examine S3i funding channels (e.g., engages multilaterals/PPPs) to see if they match typical affordable housing finance mechanisms.
Describes the Global Infrastructure Facility as a World Bank collaboration that prepares/structures complex PPPs to mobilize private capital for infrastructure projects.
A student could infer that initiatives working through or alongside such multilateral PPP-facilitating bodies may target sectors (including housing) that require complex structuring, and then check S3i's partnerships/sector focus.
Summarizes common investment models for infrastructure (public, private, PPP), showing the range of mechanisms used to deliver infrastructure projects.
A student could compare S3i's operational model to these common models to assess whether its likely investments include capital-intensive social infrastructure like affordable housing.
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This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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