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Q72 (IAS/2024) Polity & Governance › Constitutional Basics & Evolution › Eighth Schedule languages Official Key

The Constitution (71st Amendment) Act, 1992 amends the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution to include which of the following languages ? 1. Konkani 2. Manipuri 3. Nepali 4. Maithili Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

The Constitution (71st Amendment) Act, 1992 included Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali languages in the Eighth Schedule[3]. Therefore, languages 1, 2, and 3 mentioned in the question were added by this amendment.

Maithili was not part of the 71st Amendment. Maithili was added later through the 92nd Amendment Act, 2003, along with Bodo, Dogri, and Santhali, bringing the total number of scheduled languages to 22[6]. This is an important distinction for UPSC aspirants to remember.

The 71st Amendment Act specifically made the total number of scheduled languages 18[6], adding the three languages to the existing 15. Hence, option A (1, 2 and 3) is the correct answer as it accurately identifies only those languages included in the 71st Amendment.

Sources
  1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > APPENDIX IV Constitutional Amendments at a Glance > p. 722
  2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > APPENDIX IV Constitutional Amendments at a Glance > p. 722
  3. [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > APPENDIX IV Constitutional Amendments at a Glance > p. 722
  4. [4] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > REFERENCES > p. 473
  5. [5] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > REFERENCES > p. 473
  6. [6] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > REFERENCES > p. 473
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Q. The Constitution (71st Amendment) Act, 1992 amends the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution to include which of the following languages ? …
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 7.5/10 · 2.5/10
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This is a textbook 'Sitter' directly from the Appendix of Laxmikanth or D.D. Basu. It tests the 'Holy Trinity' of Language Amendments (21st, 71st, 92nd). If you missed this, your static core revision is compromised.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Was Konkani included in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution by the Constitution (71st Amendment) Act, 1992?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > APPENDIX IV Constitutional Amendments at a Glance > p. 722
Presence: 5/5
“Amendment Number and Year | Amended Provisions of the Constitution • 722 \times Indian Polity: Seventieth Amendment Act, 1992; itmonument: Provided for the inclusion of the members of the Legislative Assemblies of National Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union Territory of Puducherry • 722 \times Indian Polity: Seventy-First Amendment Act, 1992; itmonument: Included konkani, manipuri and nepali languages in the Eighth Schedule Representation for the Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies for a further period of Amendment Act, 1999 ten years (i.e., up to 2010). Provided for an 'alternative scheme of devolution' of revenue between the Centre and Eightieth Amendment states.”
Why this source?
  • Directly names the Seventy-First Amendment Act, 1992 and records inclusion of Konkani among languages added to the Eighth Schedule
  • Specifically groups Konkani with Manipuri and Nepali as the three languages added by that amendment
Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > REFERENCES > p. 473
Presence: 5/5
“• I. UP Hindi Sahitva Sammelan v State of UP, AIR 2015 SC 1154 : (2014) 9 SCC 716 : (2014) 6 Mad LJ 624 (SC). 2. The original Constitution enumerated 14 languages. This number became 15, by the addition of "Sindhi", by the Constitution (21st Amendment) Act, 1967. The 71st Amendment Act, 1992 added Konkani, Nepali and Manipuri to make it 18. The 92nd Amendment Act, 2003 added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali to make it 22. • 4. In January 1987, the Goa Legislative Assembly has passed the Goa Language Act, making Konkani as an official language of the Union Territory, in addition to Marathi/Gujarati. • 5.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the 71st Amendment (1992) added Konkani, Nepali and Manipuri, raising the total number of scheduled languages
  • Provides the numerical effect (total became 18), confirming the amendment's substantive change to the Eighth Schedule
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