Which one of the following statements is true ?

This phenomenon is explained by Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation and Newton's Third Law of Motion. According to the Law of Gravitation, the force between two objects is calculated as F = G(m1m2/r²). Since the force depends on the product of both masses, the magnitude of the force exerted by the Earth on the Moon is identical to the force exerted by the Moon on the Earth.

Furthermore, Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. While the Earth pulls the Moon toward its center, the Moon pulls the Earth toward its center with the same amount of force. Consequently, the forces are equal in magnitude but act in opposite directions. Options A and B are incorrect as they suggest a disparity in force, while Option C is incorrect because the forces pull toward each other, not in the same direction.