Which among the following Acts provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court of Justice at Calcutta for Europeans, their employees and the citizens of India ?

The Regulating Act of 1773 was a landmark piece of legislation that initiated the process of centralization in British India [3]. Under Section 13 of this Act, the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Calcutta was established in 1774 [1]. This court replaced the earlier Mayor's Court and was empowered to try all British subjects within Calcutta and its subordinate factories [2]. Its jurisdiction extended to Europeans, employees of the East India Company, and Indian citizens residing in the presidency [2]. The court originally claimed broad jurisdiction over any person in Bengal, Bihar, or Orissa until the Act of Settlement 1781 restricted its scope [2]. The establishment of this court, featuring a Chief Justice and three assistant judges, represented the first formal judiciary system introduced by the British Parliament to oversee the Company's administration and legal affairs in India [3].

Sources

1. [3] https://nja.gov.in/Concluded_Programmes/2018-19/SE-05_2019_PPTs/5.An%20overview%20&%20architecture%20of%20Indian%20Constitutional%20Arrangements.pdf
2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 26: Constitutional, Administrative and Judicial Developments > Reforms under Warren Hastings (1772-1785) > p. 521