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Which one of the following receives an average annual rainfall of below 50 cm in India, indicating highest inadequacy?
Explanation
Ladakh is a cold desert located in the rain-shadow region of the Great Himalayas. It receives extremely low annual precipitation, often averaging between 10 cm to 15 cm, because the high mountain ranges block the moisture-bearing monsoon winds from reaching the plateau. This represents the highest rainfall inadequacy among the given choices. In contrast, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh receive significant monsoon rainfall, generally exceeding 100 cm and 75 cm respectively. Haryana receives moderate rainfall, with an annual average of approximately 50-60 cm, though its western parts are relatively drier. Thus, Ladakh is the only region listed that consistently falls well below the 50 cm threshold.