The net movement of water from a dilute to a concentrated solution through a selectively permeable membrane is called

Osmosis is defined as the net movement of water molecules across a selectively or semipermeable membrane [1][2]. This process occurs from a region of higher water concentration (a dilute solution) to a region of lower water concentration (a concentrated solution). While water molecules move in both directions across the membrane, the net flow is driven by the difference in solute concentrations [1]. A dilute solution contains a high concentration of water molecules, whereas a concentrated solution has a low concentration of water molecules. Therefore, water moves 'down' its own concentration gradient. This passive transport mechanism is essential for biological functions, such as water absorption in the small intestine or plant roots [1]. Unlike simple diffusion, which involves the movement of any particles, osmosis specifically refers to the movement of the solvent (water) through a membrane [2].

Sources

1. [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557609/
2. [2] https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/cell-structure-and-function/mechanisms-of-transport-tonicity-and-osmoregulation/v/diffusion-and-osmosis