Which one of the following cities is associated with Biosaftey protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity (2000) ?

The Biosafety Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is officially known as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety [1][2]. It is an international treaty governing the transboundary movement, handling, and use of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology [1]. The protocol was adopted on January 29, 2000, and entered into force on September 11, 2003 [1]. Although the final adoption took place in Montreal, Canada, the protocol is named after the city of Cartagena, Colombia, to honor the city that hosted the extraordinary Conference of the Parties where negotiations were significantly advanced [2]. The primary objective is to ensure an adequate level of protection for biological diversity from potential risks posed by LMOs, while also considering risks to human health [1][2]. It establishes the Advance Informed Agreement (AIA) procedure to ensure countries can make informed decisions regarding LMO imports.

Sources

1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > cartagEna Protocol. > p. 10
2. [2] https://1997-2001.state.gov/global/oes/fs-cart_prot_biosaf_000216.html