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Q95 (NDA-II/2024) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) Official Key

The masses of two planets are in the ratio of 1: 7. The ratio between their diameters is 2 : 1. The ratio of forces which they exert on each other is

Explanation

The correct answer is Option C (1:1). This result is a direct application of Newton's Third Law of Motion and the Law of Universal Gravitation.

  • According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, the magnitude of the gravitational force (F) between two bodies is given by F = G(m₁m₂/r²), where m₁ and m₂ are the masses and r is the distance between their centers.
  • Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the force planet A exerts on planet B is equal in magnitude to the force planet B exerts on planet A.
  • While the masses (1:7) and diameters (2:1) affect the magnitude of the force, they do not change the fact that the mutual force is shared equally between the two bodies. Thus, the ratio of forces they exert on each other is always 1:1.
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