Which one among the following volcanic island chains is NOT associated with mid-oceanic ridge ?

The Hawaiian Islands are not associated with a mid-oceanic ridge; instead, they are a classic example of intraplate volcanism formed by a stationary mantle plume or hotspot located in the middle of the Pacific Plate [4]. As the Pacific Plate moves over this fixed hotspot, it creates a linear chain of volcanic islands and seamounts, such as Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea [4]. In contrast, the Azores, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha islands are all volcanic features located along or in close proximity to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge [4]. These Atlantic islands are formed by volcanic activity associated with the divergent plate boundary where tectonic plates are spreading apart [4]. While some, like Tristan da Cunha and the Azores, are also influenced by hotspots, their primary tectonic setting is defined by their location on the mid-oceanic ridge system.

Sources

1. [4] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 11: Volcanism > Along the Atlantic coast > p. 156
2. [1] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 11: Islands and Coral Reefs > Oceanic islands > p. 98
3. [2] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 3: Volcanism and Earthquakes > The Distribution of Volcanoes in the World > p. 33